Sportinės veiklos teisinis reguliavimas EB
Kasparaitis, Karolis |
Vėgėlė, Ignas | Darbo gynimo komisijos pirmininkas / Thesis Defence Board Chairman |
Samuilytė, Aistė | Darbo gynimo komisijos narys / Thesis Defence Board Member |
Tamavičiūtė, Vitalija | Darbo gynimo komisijos narys / Thesis Defence Board Member |
Soloveičikas, Deividas | Darbo gynimo komisijos narys / Thesis Defence Board Member |
Gabartas, Herkus | Darbo gynimo komisijos narys / Thesis Defence Board Member |
Ravluševičius, Pavelas | Darbo gynimo komisijos narys / Thesis Defence Board Member |
Kybartienė, Eglė | Recenzentas / Rewiewer |
Sportinės veiklos teisinis reguliavimas Europos Bendrijoje yra nedaug nagrinėta ir gana menkai žinoma tema. Dėl žymių pokyčių, kurie ištiko sporto pasaulį po to, kai Bendrija pripažino sportinę veiklą didžiąja dalimi esant ekonomine veikla ir ėmė taikyti jai vieningos rinkos nuostatas, sportinės veiklos teisinis reguliavimas EB ilgai buvo neapibrėžtas, ne visada pagrįstas ir susilaukiantis daugiau kritikos nei pritarimo tiek iš sporto visuomenės, teisės žinovų, tiek iš eilinių Europos piliečių. Ilgai kvestionuojama, visų pirma, buvo Bendrijos kompetencija apskritai teisinėmis priemonėmis reguliuoti sportinės veiklos realybę. Šito priežastis paprasta – Bendrijų steigimo sutartyje nėra nė vieno straipsnio, kalbančio apie Bendrijos teisę vykdyti sportinės veiklos reguliavimą. Vėliau, sporto pasaulio visuomenei susitaikius su tokia Bendrijos pozicija ir suvokus, kad pastaroji neketina atsižadėti parodytos savo iniciatyvos, buvo imta vertinti Bendrijos taikomo teisinio reguliavimo pobūdį. Kaip vėliau paaiškėjo, sportinės veiklos reguliavimo pradžioje Bendrijos užimta pozicija buvo klaidinga: sporto vertinimas kaip grynai ekonominio pobūdžio veiklos reiškė nepagrįstą socialinės – kultūrinės jo prigimties ignoravimą.
Sporting activity regulation in the European Community is a topic which has not been widely analyzed and still needs great attention. After the seismic changes in the world of sport which were determined by the ECJ acknowledging sporting activity being a subject to EC law in so far as it constitutes an economic activity, the situation in the world of sport was characterized by considerable confusion and great legal uncertainty. The right of EC to implement legal regulation of sport was widely discussed while proving that its policy involvement in sport extends beyond legal regulation. At the end the EC regulatory policy interest in sport was justified of its commitment to protect the legal foundations of the Single Market, but it has not reduced the negative attitude towards the EC. Later on the primary regulation of sport as an economic activity has proved to be wrong because of EC paying lack of attention to the social and cultural significance of sport which was agreed to be essential. Because of this the EC and ECJ have both received a great criticism from the society of sport, various sporting organizations and common people of the united Europe. While sporting activity being just one of many others (in which the EC had its own interests) but a very sensitive one in which the negative image of EC was taking its tall, the EC has therefore faced many problems concerning slow integration. This negative experience has forced EC to revalue its policy towards many areas including sport. The new approach therefore has arisen. From now on, the EC has acknowledged sports social and cultural significance and initiated some reports towards its protection. Because of the great change concerning the opinion of EC, the legal regulation of sporting activity has also started to be modified. In other words, the EC started to move from a market model of regulation towards one in which the EC recognizes the social and cultural characteristics of the sports sector within its regulatory approach. Today while having in mind that fifteen member states have already validated a Constitution for Europe it is obvious that legal regulation of sport will faces changes again. The regulation of sporting activity within EC will surely face many new challenges.