Concise biomechanics of extreme dynamic loading on organism
| Author | Affiliation |
|---|---|
Straus, Jiří | |
Mykolo Romerio universitetas |
| Date |
|---|
2005 |
Biomechanika, taikoma teismo ekspertizėje, nagrinėja svarbios kriminalistinės informacijos, atsiradusios padarius baudžiamąją veiką ir atspindinčios funkcines bei dinamines nusikaltėlio ar kito asmens organizmo savybes, iššifravimą. Biomechaninių tyrimų galimybės apima kriminalistinių pėdsakų biomechaninio turinio įvertinimą, pavyzdžiui, apytikrį smūgio kumščiu, lazda ar kitu daiktu, jėgos kritimų iš aukščio biomecha-ninį apskaičiavimą ir pan. Siame eksperimentiniame darbe nagrinėjamos nepaprastos dinamiškos situacijos (extreme dynamic situations), sukeliančios organizmo sužalojimus, kurie gali būti ir mirtini. Buku daiktu padaryti galvos sužalojimai, kurių susidarymo mechanizmą tiria kriminalistika, yra dažniausi. Gauti rezultatai išplėtė jau turimas žinias biomechanikoje, kriminalistikoje bei teismo medicinoje.
The forensic application of biomechanics deals with the decoding of relevant criminalistic information originating in the vestige of penal action reflecting the functional and dynamic characteristic of the offenders or some other person's organism. The possibilities of application in accordance with the acquired experiences and literary research might be Introduced as followingly: The assessment of the biomechanical content of the selected criminalistic vestiges; the up-to-now mostly analyzed is the biomechanical content of the trasological phenomena, partly even graphological print. The extreme mechanical loading of organism, e.g. hitting by fist, stick or by some other object. The biomechanical estimation of falls from height most often out of the house window. It happens very frequently that the aggressor attack with the intention to kill and he throws the victim out of the window; during the investigation he defends himself by stating that the victim fell out by some unhappy chance. Among the very frequent injuries, we meet in criminological practice, are the head injuries caused by a blunt object. These blunt head injuries are significant partly for their exposed position and partly because nearly each time the attacked body part comprises a vital organ. The most realistic variant of the mathematical model would certainly be appropriate to compare the results with empirical data. These possibilities are rather very limited as the corresponding data concerning the mechanical qualities of skull and brain substance are not available and the standards describing the brain injury are not known. The experimentally reached results enlarge the contemporary basis of knowledge in biomechanics, criminalistics and forensic medicine.