Regos haliucinacijos ir religingumas sergant šizofrenija

Haliucinacijų turinys siejamas su įvairiais kultūriniais veiksniais. Šio tyrimo tikslas - rasti ir įvertinti regos haliucinacijas šizofrenija sergantiems ligoniams ir nustatyti jų santykį su ligonių lytimi, amžiumi, amžiumi šizofrenijos debiuto metu ir religingumu bei tikėjimo asmenine svarba. Buvo ištirta 301 pacientas, sergantis šizofrenija, besigydantis Vilniaus psichikos sveikatos centre. Tyrimui panaudota struktūrizuota Tarptautinio kultūrinės psichiatrijos tyrimo apklausa. Regos haliucinacijas išpasakojo 39,1 proc. tiriamųjų, ir šio tipo haliucinacijų pasireiškimo dažnis statistiškai reikšmingai nesiskyrė tarp vyrų ir moterų. Dauguma tiriamųjų nurodė esą tikintys – vyrai reikšmingai dažniau nei moterys. Nustatyta, kad ligos pradžia jaunesniame amžiuje (iki 20 m.) ir asmeninė tikėjimo svarba yra nepriklausomi regos haliucinacijų pasireiškimo veiksniai sergant šizofrenija.

The content of hallucinations is related to various cultural factors. The aim of this study is to identify and assess visual hallucinations for patients with schizophrenia, as well as to identify the relation of hallucinations to sex, age of patients and their age at the onset of schizophrenia, religious faith and personal importance of faith. Examination was conducted on 301 patients (average age – 42.4 (SD 9.8) years; women - 51.5%) of Vilnius Psychic Health Centre. The examination was based on structural international cultural psychiatry study survey. The study was approved by the Lithuanian Bioethics Committee. Visual hallucinations were observed in 39.1 percent of examinees and no statistically significant difference was established among men and women in terms of frequency of manifestation of this type hallucinations. The majority of examinees specified having religious faith – men considerably more often than women (91.8% and 83.2% respectively), and there were considerably more men than women who admitted personal importance of faith. Relation between hallucinations, faith and personal importance of faith has been identified. Almost one half (42.7%) of the examinees for whom their faith was personally important saw visual hallucinations; however their number among those whose faith was not personally important for them was twice less (21.3%). It was established that adjusted for age and gender the onset of the disease at an earlier age (before 20) and personal importance of faith are independent factors of manifestation of visual hallucinations for patients with schizophrenia.