Sintaksinės kauzacinės konstrukcijos lietuvių, norvegų ir suomių kalbose
Latvijas Universitāte |
| Date |
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2005 |
Šio straipsnio tikslas - išanalizuoti sintaksines konstrukcijas, kurias formuoja lietuvių, norvegų ir suomių kalbų kauzatyviniai veiksmažodiniai junginiai (sintaksiniai kauzatyvai) ir nustatyti, kokie jų tipai būdingi kiekvienai tiriamai kalbai (apie sintaksinių kauzatyvų formalius tipus lietuvių, norvegų ir suomių kalbose žr. Rackevičienė 2004a; apie morfologinių kauzatyvų formuojamas sintaksines konstrukcijas žr. Rackevičienė 2004b).
The aim of the article is to provide an analysis of syntactic constructions formed by syntactic causatives (causative verb-phrases) in Lithuanian, Norwegian and Finnish. The contrastivc investigation leads to the following conclusions: 1) All Lithuanian syntactic causatives are biclausal whereas Norwegian and Finnish have syntactic causatives of two types - monoclausal and biclausal. 2) Norwegian and Finnish monoclausal syntactic causatives consist of inflective verbs and the participial form of prototypical transitive verbs. The constituents forming such causatives function in the sentence as a single syntactic unit with its own characteristic valency properties. 3) Lithuanian, clauses parallel to Norwegian and Finnish biclausal syntactic causatives, consist of inflective verbs and the infinitive form of intransitive/transitive verbs or adjectives. Each constituent forms a separate clause opening syntactic positions for its own arguments. 4) The number of arguments of most monoclausal and biclausal causatives is bigger by one than the number of arguments of corresponding non-causatives. The causatives take over the non-causative arguments and attract one new argument - the causer. 5) Norwegian and Finnish monoclausal and biclausal syntactic causatives which include prototypical transitive verbs can denote the same causative situations, but are not to be regarded as absolute synonyms. These causatives open different syntactic positions for their arguments and thus form a different focus of attention zone in the causative situation.