Šiuolaikinio ikiteisminio tyrimo veiklos organizavimo aktualijos tęstinėje „Kriminalistika 2020“ kūrimo vizijoje
Mykolo Romerio universitetas |
| Date |
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2016 |
Straipsnyje analizuojamas šiuolaikinis ikiteisminio tyrimo veiklos organizavimas: tiriama, kaip jo komponentai galėtų tapti neatsiejama tęstine „Kriminalistika 2020“ vizijos kūrimo dalimi 2020-2025 metų perspektyvoje. Pabrėžiama, kad „Kriminalistika 2020“1 vizijos kūrimo koncepcija apsiribojo tik klausimų, susijusių su specialiomis žiniomis, kriminalistiniais tyrimais, ekspertinių įstaigų veikla ir optimizavimu, aktualizavimu. Vienok, kitų svarbių kriminalistikos sistemos klausimų aktualizavimas ir išgryninimas leistų formuoti tolimesnę kriminalistikos viziją ir pilnai harmonizuoti svarbiausius kriminalistikos klausimus. Todėl teigtina, jog šiuolaikinio ikiteisminio tyrimo veiklos organizavimo komponentų identifikavimas ir, remiantis jais, veiklos organizavimo efektyvumo nustatymas padėtų tiriant nusikalstamas veikas ir galėtų būti reikšmingas tęsiant bendros kriminalistikos erdvės kūrimą. Šalys narės galėtų vienodai taikyti nusikalstamų veikų tyrimo pateiktus efektyvinimo svertus2, keistis gerąja praktika apie inovacinius organizavimo komponentus, galiausiai – vienodai suprasti ikiteisminio tyrimo organizavimo esmę. Taikant aiškiai apibrėžtus kriterijus, taip pat būtų galimybė įvertinti ikiteisminio tyrimo veiklos organizavimo efektyvumo lygį. Straipsnis sudarytas iš dviejų dalių. Pirmoje dalyje analizuojama ikiteisminio tyrimo veiklos organizavimo samprata ir ištakos. Antrojoje – formuojamas sisteminis požiūris į šiuolaikinio ikiteisminio tyrimo veiklos organizavimo turinį, identifikuojami pagrindiniai jo komponentai ir pateikiamos įžvalgos dėl ikiteisminio tyrimo veiklos organizavimo klausimų nagrinėjimo tolimesnėje tęstinėje kriminalistikos vizijos kūrimo perspektyvoje.
The article analyses the modern organisation of pre-trial investigation: it is examined how its components might become an integral part of the vision of “Forensics 2020” in the perspective of „Criminalistics 2020-2025“. It is stressed that the concept of the creation of the vision of “Forensics 2020” was limited only to the awareness of matters related to specific knowledge, forensic science and expert institutions. The awareness of other matters of forensics would allow further fully-fledged formation of the vision of forensics and it would allow complete harmonization of the most relevant matters of forensics. Therefore the identification of the modern organisation of pre-trial investigation would be helpful in investigating criminal activities and it could be important in continuing to create a common criminalistics space. The Member States would be able to equally apply the efficiency leverages provided by investigations of criminal activities and to exchange their best practices of innovative components of organisation. By applying clearly defined criteria, the possibility to assess the effectiveness of organisation of preliminary research would be created. The article is composed of two parts. The first part of the article analyses the concept and the source of the organisation of pre-trial investigation. The second part forms the systemic approach to the content of modern organisation of pre-trial investigation, its main components are identified, and the insights of the analysis of matters of the organisation of pre-trial investigation in the perspective of further continuous perspective of creation of the vision of criminalistics are provided. The creation of the vision of “Forensics 2020” should not be limited to the creation of a common criminalistics space by including and harmonizing the matters related to the optimisation of activities and the use of specific knowledge of expert institutions. The continuous perspective of creation of the vision of criminalistics is based on the need of awareness and harmonization of other matters of the system of criminalistics. One of such matters should be the organisation of pre-trial investigation as an effective assumption of criminal activities investigation. The content of the modern organisation of pre-trial investigation is composed of a complex of components which are made up from different fields of science. This forms the need of interdisciplinary research. The fusion of different fields requires a systemic, deep and holistic approach to this process and its optimisation. By defining all these components as indicators of effective organisation of pre-trial investigation, the Member States could equally understand the content of the organisation of pre-trial investigation, they could exchange their best practices how to investigate criminal activities more effectively on the basis of defined components, they could also assess the effectiveness of the level of the organisation of pre-trial investigation.