Socialdemokratijos samprata tarpukario LSDP programiniuose dokumentuose bei partijos lyderio Stepono Kairio tekstuose
| Author | Affiliation |
|---|---|
Mitrulevičius, Gintaras |
| Date |
|---|
2020 |
Straipsnyje nagrinėjama vienos iš tarpukario Lietuvos Respublikos parlamentinio laikotarpio pagrindinių partijų– Lietuvos socialdemo-kratų partijos (LSDP) ideologijai būdinga socialdemokratijos sam-prata. Pagrindinis straipsnio objektas– LSDP programos bei įvairūs partijos lyderio ir ideologo Stepono Kairio tekstai. Svarbiausias nagri-nėjamas aspektas– Lietuvos socialdemokratų ideologinė savivoka– kaip LSDP programiniuose dokumentuose ir partijos lyderio tekstuose atsakoma į klausimus, kas yra socialdemokratai ir socialdemokratų partija. Taip pat nagrinėjama, kas lėmė, kad socialdemokratų ideo-loginė savivoka buvo tokia, kokia ji atskleista šiame straipsnyje. Na-grinėjamų tekstų analizė akivaizdžiai patvirtina teiginį, kad to meto Lietuvos, kaip ir daugelio kitų šalių, socialdemokratai save suvokė kaip socialistinę, marksistine visuomenės raidos analize besivadovau-jančią darbininkų klasės partiją, siekiančią sukurti socializmą kaip santvarką. Straipsnyje rekonstruota tarpukario LSDP socialdemo-kratijos samprata aiškiai paneigia sovietinio komunizmo ideologijos ir istoriografijos teiginius, kad tarpukario socialdemokratija „išdavė marksizmą“, atsisakė siekti socializmo santvarkos, nustojo būti dar-bininkų klasės partija.
Social democracy played an impor-tant role in the history of Western Eu-rope in the 20th century. In Lithuania, the social democratic movement played an important role in the Lithuanian na-tional liberation movement from the late 19th century to the early 20th century. In interwar Lithuania, during its democratic period (1920–1926), the LSDP was one of the few main parliamentary parties in Lithuania. All this, as well as the occasion-al motive – in 2019, the 140th anniversary of the birth of Steponas Kairys, the leader and ideologue of the historical Lithuanian Social Democracy, is an important argu-ment for explaining the concept of social democracy in the ideology of the interwar LSDP. That is the object of this article. The aim of the article is to find out and recon-struct how it was answered to the ques-tions ”Who are the Social Democrats?”, ”What is the Social Democratic Party”? in the interwar LSDP programmatic docu-ments and S. Kairys’ texts.After analyzing the LSDP program-matic documents and the texts of the par-ty leader S. Kairys, the following conclu-sions are available: 1) A look at the texts of S. Kairys, the leader and chief ideologue of the interwar period LSDP as well as a look at the programs of this party of this period clearly confirms the statement that the Lithuanian Social Democrats of that time, as in many other countries, the So-cial Democrats saw themselves as a work-ing-class party based on a Marxist analy-sis of the development of society, seeking socialism as a social order; 2) The article reconstructs the interwar LSDP programs and The conception of social democracy in Kairys’s texts is clearly refuted thesys by Soviet communist ideology and histo-riography, that interwar social democracy abandoned Marxism, that it ”betrayed Marxism”, that it allegedly refused to carry out the socialist order, that it ceased to be a working class party; 3) The reconstructed concept of social democracy in the article also shows that by treating themselves as a Marxist-led and socialist party of the Social Democrats, the social democrats of the time considered the communists of the time “their enemies“, “ideological struggle“ with “one of their most important tasks“. Getting acquainted with the concept of social democracy character-istic of S. Kairys and the historical LSDP allows to state that the Lithuanian Social Democrats of that time can be considered anti-Bolshevik Marxist socialists; 4) With regard to the reconstructed concept of social democracy discussed in the article, the historical conditionality of this con-cept should be noted.Įteikta 2020 m. kovo 30 d.