Nusikalstamą veiką ir jos rūšis pagal pavojingumą įvardijantys terminai lietuvių ir anglų kalbomis
Mykolo Romerio universitetas |
| Date Issued |
|---|
2008 |
Šio straipsnio tikslas – apibrėžti pagrindines problemas, kylančias lyginant kelių kalbų teisės terminiją, pasiūlyti lyginamosios teisės terminijos analizės metodiką ir pritaikyti ją lietuviškų ir angliškų terminų, įvardijančių nusikalstamą veiką ir jos rūšis pagal pavojingumą, tyrimui. Straipsnio įvade apibrėžiamos teisės terminijos semantinės savybės, lemiančios lyginamosios teisės terminologijos ypatumus. Pirmojoje straipsnio dalyje išdėstoma terminologo P. Sandrini pasiūlyta teisės terminijos lyginamosios analizės metodika. Remiantis šia metodika, antroje straipsnio dalyje atlikta tyrimui pasirinktų lietuviškų ir angliškų terminų funkcinė ir lyginamoji analizė. Atlikus tyrimą, nustatoma, ar palygintus terminus galima laikyti atitikmenimis.
The aim of the article is to discuss the main problems of comparative legal terminology, to suggest methodology for comparative analysis of legal terms and to apply it for a group of Lithuanian and English terms defining criminal deeds and their types according to the degree of seriousness. Legal terms define abstract legal concepts which are closely related to national law traditions. They result from long discussions among politicians, lawyers and the general public and reflect moral values of a particular society in a particular period of time. Therefore, absolute equivalence between concepts from different legal systems is impossible as they may be only similar in their functions, but not completely identical. The aim of comparative legal terminology is to provide information about the use of concepts in the respective legal systems and to help the translator decide on which textual strategies should be used for the target text. Austrian terminologist Peter Sandrini (University of Innsbruck) proposes a methodology for comparative legal terminology based on the functional analysis of the legal concepts. Legal concepts from different legal systems are to be defined within their natural environment in which they function. Such an analysis should focus on the relations between the investigated concept and the surrounding concepts creating the same legal setting which regulates a particular aspect of real life. The aspect of real life serves as a bridge between different legal systems as it is the only common factor in the analysis of the concepts. Only after having described the functions of the concepts in their natural environment, it is possible to establish connections between concepts from different legal systems and decide what type of link (direct, functional or indirect) relates them. [...]