MLA

A phenomenographical study was used to examine how teachers experience violence directed at them in school. The findings identify four ways in which they experience violence, as specified through three interacting dimensional variations: the source, the form and the addressee of impact (the teacher as a professional role, as a person or both). This extends educational research on teacher victimisation by conceptualising the phenomenon through power relations and harm to the professional and/or personal identity of teachers.

Straipsnyje pristatomas reikšmingumo suvokimo (reikšmijautos) konstruktas, kuriuo vertinamas individų pojūtis, kad jie ir jų darbas yra svarbūs ir reikšmingi. Pristatoma teorinė reikšmijautos analizė ir žvalgomasis empirinis tyrimas, nagrinėjantis reikšmijautos panašumus ir skirtumus bendrojo lavinimo mokyklų pedagogų populiacijoje pagal sociodemo­ grafinius faktorius. Nustatyti reikšmijautos skirtumai pagal mokytojų amžių, lytį ir poziciją. Pateikiamos tyrimo išvados, apribojimai ir rekomendacijos.

The article assesses the legal possibilities of protecting teachers from violence in Lithuanian educational institutions. It analyses how the legal framework ensures the right of teachers to protection from violence at work and to assistance. It is concluded that the concept of violence against teachers is not clearly defined in legislation, the legal framework does not sufficiently protect teachers from violence and is more oriented towards the protection of pupils.

The process of teaching and learning is characterized by the usage of prior knowledge schemas in the procedure. The research aims to explore the meaning of initial knowledge in the process of teaching and learning a foreign language at more advanced levels while developing and using discourse-annotated corpora. The research reveals two essential dimensions-organizational and personal, which structurally represent the experience of the research participants.

Straipsnyje, naudojant klausimyną Bendravimo šeimoje apie lytiškumą koeficientas (The Family Sex Communication Quotient, FSCQ), siekiama atskleisti paauglių bendravimo su tėvais lytiškumo temomis aspektus ir kaip tai susiję su paauglių suvokiamu komfortu, informacijos ir tėvų vaidmens svarbos suvokimu. Nustatyta, kad paauglių bendravimo su tėvais lytiškumo temomis lygis yra vidutiniškas ir kad paaugliai labiau linkę šiais klausimais bendrauti su motinomis.

The present study examines relations between adjustment problems and perceptions of maternal disapproval of friends in a sample of Lithuanian public middle-school students. The participants (ages 10 to 14) were 284 children (148 boys, 136 girls) who were involved in 142 stable friendships. Each friend described their own conduct problems, emotional problems, and perceptions of maternal disapproval of friends twice during the same academic year (M = 14.4 weeks apart). Dyadic analyses replicated previous findings in that one friend’s conduct and emotional problems forecast changes in the same problems in the other friend. Greater initial problems also anticipated increases in children’s’ perceptions of disapproval of friends by their own—but not their friend’s—mother, highlighting maternal efforts to manage the relations of troubled children. These efforts met with mix success. On the one hand, maternal disapproval of friends did not result in subsequent declines in adjustment problems among their own children; to the contrary, the conduct problems of boys increased with greater maternal involvement. On the other hand, adjustment problems declined among children whose friends reported higher levels of maternal disapproval, suggesting that maternal friendship management may interfere with the spread of problems between children.

Despite being bio-epidemiological phenomena, the causes and effects of pandemics are culturally influenced in ways that go beyond national boundaries. However, they are often studied in isolated pockets, and this fact makes it difficult to parse the unique influence of specific cultural psychologies. To help fill in this gap, the present study applies existing cultural theories via linear mixed modeling to test the influence of unique cultural factors in a multi-national sample (that moves beyond Western nations) on the effects of age, biological sex, and political beliefs on pandemic outcomes that include adverse financial impacts, adverse resource impacts, adverse psychological impacts, and the health impacts of COVID. Our study spanned 19 nations (participant N = 14,133) and involved translations into 9 languages. Linear mixed models revealed similarities across cultures, with both young persons and women reporting worse outcomes from COVID across the multi-national sample. However, these effects were generally qualified by culture-specific variance, and overall more evidence emerged for effects unique to each culture than effects similar across cultures. Followup analyses suggested this cultural variability was consistent with models of pre-existing inequalities and socioecological stressors exacerbating the effects of the pandemic. Collectively, this evidence highlights the importance of developing culturally flexible models for understanding the cross-cultural nature of pandemic psychology beyond typical WEIRD approaches.

Straipsnyje nagrinėjamas 1918–1922 m. dešinės ir kairės politikų ir akademinės bendruomenės diskursas koks universitetas buvo reikalingas besikuriančiai Lietuvos valstybei? Šio straipsnio naujumą sudaro du aspektai. Pirma, diskurso nagrinėjimas mikrolygmeniu, t. y. iš individualios perspektyvos išryškino esminius požiūrius ir nesutarimus dėl universiteto vyravusius to meto visuomenėje. Antra, tyrimas atskleidė, jog priimant sprendimus dėl universitetinių studijų buvo svarbios ir politikų, ir intelektualų nuostatos, veiksmai ir ėmimasis lyderio iniciatyvos. Akademinės bendruomenės lyderystė, kuriant pirmą privačią nepriklausomos Lietuvos aukštąją mokyklą „Auštuosius kursus“ 1919–1920 m., darė įtaką Vyriausybei ir Steigiamojo Seimo parlamentarams rasti bendrą sutarimą dėl Lietuvos universiteto atidarymo Kaune 1922 m.

Many countries, namely, Malaysia, Lithuania, and Spain, shifted to online assessment during the COVID-19 pandemic. This qualitative case study, which involved 18 undergraduate students from the three countries, was conducted to probe insights into their online assessment experience. Data were interpreted from the perspective of the expectancy-value theory of motivation, which focuses on intrinsic attainment, utility, and cost values. The findings revealed that students were motivated to complete their assessment since they experienced flexibility besides having effective assessment guidelines. The positive experiences were related to intrinsic and attainment values; however, the students were also demotivated when stressed, indicating the high-cost value. Utility value was found to overlap with cost value in this study because students were dissatisfied with the online assessment and expressed less preference for this approach in future. This contributes to our understanding that educators must consider utility values when preparing online assessments. The pedagogical implications of this study revolve around the importance of a checklist, mock exams, alternative assessment (Plan B), and video demos for an effective assessment.