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Demokratija Ŕiuolaikinio demokratinio valdymo mechanizme ir jos perspektyvos
Date Issued |
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2007 |
Svarbiausia Å”io praneÅ”imo užduotis yra atskleisti, kas leidžia patvirtinti arba paneigti, yra demokratija kaip politinis-socialinis reiÅ”kinys ar jos nÄra. IeÅ”kant sprendimo buvo labiau stengiamasi gilintis ÄÆ tokius politinius procesus: rinkimų sistema ir valdymo sistema, siekiant atskleisti jų ryÅ”ÄÆ su demokratijos ÄÆgyvendinimu ir Å”io ÄÆgyvendinimo laipsniu. Å is praneÅ”imas leis ÄÆsitikinti, jog istorinis demokratijos pagrindas yra asociacija kaip pilietinÄ bendruomenÄ, kurioje sprendimai priimami tik Å”iai asociacijai priklausanÄių narių, kurie visi vienas kito atžvilgiu yra lygÅ«s, valia. Aptariant rinkimų bei valdymo sistemas, pažymima, jog bet kokiam politiniam rÄžimui, mÅ«sų atveju ā demokratijai, nemaÅ¾Ä ÄÆtakÄ daro taikreipti dÄmesÄÆ ÄÆ tai, jog, pavyzdžiui, mažoritarinÄ rinkimų sistema gali bÅ«ti veiksminga, atitikti demokratinius kriterijus tik tose valstybÄse, kuriose vyrauja dvipartiÅ”kumas, arba, pavyzdžiui, tik drausmingos partijos gali efektyviai ir kartu demokratiÅ”kai valdyti parlamentinÄje valstybÄje. Supažindinant su kosmopolitinÄs demokratijos modeliu, kuris labiausiai yra orientuotas ÄÆ demokratijos globalų mastÄ , parodoma, kokios yra demokratijos plÄtros perspektyvos ir tai plÄtrai ÄÆgyvendinti tinkamiausios priemonÄs.
The most important task of this notice is to reveal what allows to approve or to deny the existence or absence of democracy as political-social phenomena. While looking for a solution more attention was paid to such political processes as a electoral system and rule system in order to reveal their relation with implemention of democracy and the degree of this implemention. This notice will convince us that the historical basis of democracy is association as civil community where the decisions are made by the members of this association who are equal to each other among themselves. What is more, those chapters where electoral and rule systems are discussed show that the way how the the rule apparatus is ordered has a lot of influence to any political regime, in our case to democracy. That means, for example, that the majority electoral system is efficient and covers up the criterions of democracy only in those states where two-party system is predominant or, for example, that it is impossible to imagine undisciplined parties that rule efficient and in democratic way in parliametary state. More over, the aim of the last chapter was to get readers familiar with cosmopolitan model of democracy and with the global degree of democracy, further more, to reveal the lookouts of democracy development and means that are the most suitable to implement that development.