Social emotional health, life satisfaction and school climate of junior school students in the context of Covid-19 pandemic crisis: Longitudinal research in Lithuania

Research on students’ social-emotional health is important for quality learning and well-being at school, especially during the challenges of the Covid-19 pandemic times. Purpose: to investigate younger school-age students’ social-emotional health, satisfaction with life, and perceived school climate in the Covid-19 pandemic crisis and the predominance of distance learning by longitudinal research strategy. Method: Social and Emotional Health Survey-Primary (SEHS-P; Furlong et al., 2013) and Multidimensional Students Life Satisfaction Scale (MSLSS; Huebner, 2001). The sample was 84 junior school-age students (10 –12 years old) from Lithuanian schools. The results and conclusions: The first months of the Covid-19 pandemic crisis led to the deterioration of social-emotional health and satisfaction of younger school-age students. However, after 8 months of the Covid-19 pandemic crisis (re-test), some improvements in students’ emotional health, satisfaction with life, and classroom microclimate were observed. No gender-based differences were identified among students. The results revealed positive and significant correlations between the younger school-age students’ social-emotional health, satisfaction with life, and perceived school climate; the conducted regression analysis showed that family plays a significant role in junior school students’ social-emotional health. The teachers’ support for distance learning students could have improved their classroom microclimate and the knowledge of students’ health status could have helped them to adapt to distance learning more effectively during the Covid-19 pandemic crisis.

Razsikovanje socialno-čustvenega zdravja učencev je pomembna za kakovostno učenje in njihovo blagostanje v šoli, še posebno v času izzivov, ki jih prinaša pandemija COVID-19. Namen: raziskati socialno-čustveno zdravje mlajših učencev, njihovo zadovoljstvo z življenjem in zaznano šolsko klimo v času pandemske krize in prevladujočega učenja na daljavo z uporabo vzdolžnega pristopa. Metoda: Vprašalnik Socialnega in čustvenega zdravja – osnovna (Social and Emotional Health Survey-Primary; SEHS-P; Furlong idr., 2013) in Večdimenzionalna lestvica zadovoljstva z življenjem za učence (Multidimensional Students Life Satisfaction Scale; MSLSS; Huebner, 2001). Vzorec je obsegal 84 učencev Litvanskih osnovnih šol (starih med 10 in 12 let). Rezultati in sklepi: Prvi meseci pandemske krize so vodili k poslabšanju socialno-čustvenega zdravja in zadovoljstva učencev. Vendar pa je bilo po osmih mesecih (retest) moč opaziti nekaj izboljšanja v čustvenem zdravju, zadovoljstvu učencev z življenjem ter razredni mikroklimi. Med učenci ni bilo moč opaziti razlik po spolu. Rezultati so prav tako pokazali pozitivne in značilne povezanosti med socialno-čustvenim zdravjem učencev, njihovim zadovoljstvom z življenjem ter zaznano šolsko klimo; regresijske analize so pokazale, da ima družina pomembno vlogo pri oblikovanju socialno-čustvenega zdravja učencev. Podpora učiteljev pri učenju na daljavo je lahko izboljšala razredno mikroklimo, poznavanje zdravstvenega stanja učencev pa jim je lahko pomagalo pri prilagajanju učenje na daljavo, da je bilo to v času pandemske krize bolj učinkovito.