Specialybės kalbos dėstymo problemos. Teisės krypties studentų viešųjų kalbų analizė taisyklingumo požiūriu

The paper analyses the mistakes of language standards in public speeches, written by students of law direction. The aim of the study was to find out what mistakes students do after they have completed a half of the professional language course. All levels of language are analysed: lexis, word formation, morphology, syntax and proof correction skills. Afterwards, recommendations for corrections of the most common mistakes are given. The paper also discusses the problems of teaching a professional language course, students‟ attitudes towards the importance of the course in their studies and other relevant issues. Students of law had to perform an independent task – to write a public speech in their specialty topics. No topics were given. The requirements for composing a public speech were defined regarding both context and composition. Public speech had to be about 300 words, written in the style of spoken language and correspond to compilation standards of legal speeches: an introduction, presentation of topic, narration, reasoning or argumentation, justification for the view, rejection of contrary opinion or destruction of the opponent‟s arguments and conclusions. Public speech had to be written in accordance with the Lithuanian language standards, spelling and punctuation, as well as the formal requirements of typing. The greatest attention was given to above-mentioned aspects in the assessment of written public speech (less attention was given to spelling and punctuation as these topics were not included in the course of specialty language). The study indicated that the mistakes of lexis, syntax and proof correction were most frequent. Proof correction errors accounted for 72 percent of all the cases analysed. These mistakes are difficult to avoid in any paper; however, knowledge of requirements for typesetting by computer would be helpful. In addition, syntax and lexis errors are frequent – 11 and 9 percent, respectively. These errors could be avoided by paying more attention to editing the text with the help of terminology databases and consultancy bank on the Internet, managed by the State Commission on the Lithuanian Language. The study identified morphological mistakes, covering the usage of grammatical forms (4 percent) and word formation (4 percent), to be the rarest errors found in students‟ works. Other aspect analysed in this article is students‟ attitudes towards the subject studied and literacy in general. Analysis revealed that students‟ attitudes towards the subject studies was associated with general public opinion on this field. It is thought that lecturers of the subject encounter numerous problems because students do not comprehend the significance of language standardization. Other issue brought up in this study is low levels of students‟ literacy. While studying this course, literacy gaps and problems are being disclosed, which have not been given special attention in secondary schools. During this course, encouraging the creative view to language learning, more attention should be paid to text creation and improvement of literacy, spoken and written language. One of the ways could be the preparation of public speech and oral presentation when it is possible to discuss and encourage the students to pay more attention to literacy and language standards.

Straipsnyje aptariamos Specialybės kalbos dėstymo problemos aukštojoje mokykloje, taip pat analizuojamos teisės krypties studentų, rašiusių viešąsias kalbas jų specialybės tematika, kalbos klaidos. Pranešimo tikslas – išsiaiškinti, kokias dažniausiai klaidas daro studentai išklausę dalį Specialybės kalbos paskaitų kurso. Analizuotos visų kalbos lygmenų klaidos: leksikos, žodžių darybos, morfologijos, sintaksės ir korektūros klaidos, pateikiamos dažniausių klaidų taisymų rekomendacijos. Taip pat apžvelgiamos ir analizuojamos Specialybės kalbos dėstymo problemos, studentų požiūris į šio dalyko svarbą studijuojant ir kiti aktualūs klausimai. Nustatyta, kad dažniausiai daroma leksikos, sintaksės ir korektūros klaidų, analizuojamos galimos tokių klaidų darymo priežastys. Daroma išvada, kad studentai daugiau dėmesio skiria viešosios kalbos turiniui tobulinti ir labai mažai dėmesio tekstui redaguoti, dailinti ir taisyti.