Lietuvos užsienio prekybos efektyvumo vertinimas
| Author | Affiliation |
|---|---|
Žiaunys, Henrikas | |
| Date |
|---|
1999 |
Straipsnyje nagrinėjami Lietuvos užsienio prekybos efektyvumo vertinimo būdai, pateikiami statistinių matematinių metodų taikymo, tiriant šią sritį, rezultatai. Naudojant eksporto ir importo vidutines kainas, įvertintos Lietuvos užsienio prekybos pusmečių sąlygos, apibūdinta šalies vieta pasaulinėje rinkoje. Remiantis užsienio šalių patirtimi, sudarytos ES šalių, Vokietijos, Rusijos ir Latvijos svarbiausių prekių grupių: maisto prekių, chemijos pramonės prekių, tekstilės medžiagų ir dirbinių eksporto funkcijos.
In many countries the index "trade conditions" is used to evaluate the effectiveness of foreign trade. It is the ratio of the average price of goods exported and imported by a country, taking into account the specific weight of goods in the total volume of export and import. In case this index is higher than 1, it is considered that the trading conditions and the economic situation of the country has improved: the country can get more imported goods for its export unit. The comparison of calculations of the first half of 1998 and that of 1997 shows a worsening of foreign trade conditions in Lithuania in the first half of 1998. During the first half of 1997 the index of trade conditions was 1,168, and during the first half of 1998 it dropped to 0,935. In 1998 trade conditions have also deteriorated for the groups of main goods, such as foodstuffs, goods of chemical and related industries, textile materials and textile articles. The effectiveness of foreign trade turnover of Lithuania is achieved on the basis of the calculated index of average export and import prices and that of physical volume. While exporting the whole range of production to different countries of the world, due to the decreased average export prices of all goods and increased export indices of physical volume, Lithuania in 1997 lost relative profit of LTL 1136 million (or 7,4 per cent of the export volume), and in the first half of 1998 - LTL 1400 million (or 18,2 per cent of the export volume). While importing the whole range of production from different countries of the world, due to decreased average import prices of all goods and increased import indices of physical volume, Lithuania in 1997 obtained relative profit of LTL 1464 million (or 6,5 per cent of the import volume), and in the first half of 1998 - LTL 1475 million (or 12,6 per cent of the import volume).