Globalaus aplinkos valdymo pokyčių atspindžiai Europos Sąjungos politiniame procese
Mykolo Romerio universitetas |
| Date |
|---|
2009 |
Daugelis aplinkosauginių problemų ir grėsmių yra pasaulinio masto ir turi būti sprendžiamos globaliai. Nuo 1970-ųjų, kai aplinkosauginiai klausimai buvo įtraukti į pasaulinę darbotvarkę, globalus aplinkos valdymas (angl. global environmental governance) ir politika vystėsi itin sparčiai. Straipsnyje analizuojamas globalus aplinkos valdymas ir jo atspindžiai Europos Sąjungos aplinkos valdyme. Pirmojoje šio straipsnio dalyje pateikiama globalaus aplinkos valdymo raida ir pokyčiai, taip pat atlikta pagrindinių problemų mažinančių sistemos efektyvumą analizė. Antroji straipsnio dalis skirta Europos aplinkos valdymo sistemos analizei, taip pat analizuojamos aplinkos apsaugos interesų grupių atsiradimo priežastys ir tipologiją bei jų įtaką valdymo procesui.
Many of the environmental problems and threats are global and have to be solving globally. Since environmental issues entered the international agenda in the early 1970s, global environmental politics and policies have been developing rapidly. The analyses in many scientific articles indicate that the global environmental governance system has outgrown its original design and intent Global environmental governance system and its management require many different efforts. There has been a proliferation of multilateral environmental agreements, actors and money allocated to solve environmental problems. Unfulfilled main purpose, which is to improve the state of natural environment demonstrates inefficiency of the system. Despite all the efforts mentioned above environmental degradation continues. Global environmental governance certainly reflects in lower governance level it means in European level as well. European Union environmental governance system has the same tendencies and features as global one. Tendencies and changes in global environmental governance main problems compromising the effectiveness of the system is analysed in the first part of this article. The main features of European environmental governance system and the reflections of global environmental governance is analysed in the second part of this article.