Socialinio draudimo plėtros analizė Lietuvoje
Valiulis, Kęstutis |
Mikaila, Mindaugas | Darbo gynimo komisijos narys / Thesis Defence Board Member |
Rakauskienė, Ona Gražina | Darbo gynimo komisijos narys / Thesis Defence Board Member |
Dobravolskas, Algis | Darbo gynimo komisijos pirmininkas / Thesis Defence Board Chairman |
Mačys, Gediminas | Recenzentas / Rewiewer |
Sasnauskas, Algis | Darbo gynimo komisijos narys / Thesis Defence Board Member |
Černiauskas, Gediminas | Darbo gynimo komisijos narys / Thesis Defence Board Member |
Socialinio draudimo sistema Lietuvoje, esama padėtis, pensininkų problemos bei galimi jų sprendimo būdai - tai dalis klausimų, kylančių Lietuvos gyventojams. Visuomenės senėjimas ir tai, kad kiekvienas dirbantysis ateityje bus pensininku, pabrėžia temos aktualumą. Šiame darbe keliama hipotezė, kad tokie ekonominiai ir socialiniai veiksniai, kaip BVP, ekonomikos augimas, darbo užmokesčio didėjimas, pensinio amžiaus ilgėjimas, privačių pensinių fondų plėtra, gyventojų skaičiaus kitimai yra tarpusavyje tampriai susiję ir sąlygojantys vienas kitą bei pačios socialinio draudimo sistemos kitimus ir jos plėtra. Darbe buvo nagrinėtas 1991-2006 metų laikotarpis. Jo metu vyko privatizacijos procesai, keitėsi gyventojų užimtumas, prasidėjo ekonominė emigracija, prasidėjo privačių pensinių fondų vystymasis. Tai keitė žmonių užimtumą, darbo užmokestį, pensinį aprūpinimą.
The social insurance system in Lithuania, the present status, the problems of the pensioners and the ways to solve these problems – this is only the part of the questions, which are relevant for the Lithuanians. The ageing of the community and knowing that every working man will become the pensioner in the future accents the topicality of the problem. The hypothesis in this paper is about such economic and social factors as GDP (Gross Domestic product), the increase of economy and salaries and the elongation of the pensioner age, the development of the private pension’s funds and the variation of the citizens’ number. All these factors are closely involved and influence each other and the variations of the insurance system and development. There are analyzed the period of 1991-2006, November in this paper. The privatization processes began at that time, the occupation of citizens changed, economy emigration began, and development of private funds began. These variations changed the people occupation, the salaries, pensioner supply. In the present the new society ageing problems are coming. Even when the pensions age after the independence was prolonged from 55 to 60 for the women and from 60 to 62,5 for the men, this decision does not deal with the problems of ageing society. The old-age pension’s size is not large enough to guarantee better living quality for the elderly people. The work reserve of the elderly people is not used too. These elderly people want to work, but to find job is the problem to them, because of there age. The present work places are not properly fitted for these people. But the economy of our country would “feel” the positive effects, if we use this reserve of that workforce and social budget would get more finances. But still in Lithuania we have persistent social disjuncture, the complicated placement of the retirement age and elderly people, the living quality problems of citizens which are in the risk group, the risk of strait. But when we estimate the present economy status, the successful use of US resources, we can make the conclusions, that now we have the opportunity to make the pensions larger, and in the future, when the economy growing process will continue and the occupation of the society will increase, the tenancy of pension growing should be remained. The government of Lithuania republic should accept a lot of rules and acts, which would be responsible for the longer age-pension, better work conditions. There is need to create and to develop occupation strategy, which would increase an attraction of work places and the intension of young people to live and to work in Lithuania. These changes would positively influence to the economy of the country and for the social insurance system development and proceeding in the future.