Teismų santvarkos magdeburginiuose Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės miestuose ypatumai

Abstract

Magdeburg‘s law, that formed in XII century in Germany, was one of the juristical regulatory forms of social and economical life. By privileges of great dukes, Magdeburg’s law model was institutionalized in many cities and small agrarian towns of GDL. By these privileges citizenry is exempt from peasantry obligations, a system of municipal institute, that limit the power of duke‘s vicegerents and noblemen in a city, is set. Municipal institutes performed administrative and justiciary brief. The objective of this study was to discover the peculiarities of judicature of Magdeburgian cities. Historical circumstances and reasons of the origin of Magdeburgian cities, dynamics of distribution and development of Magdeburgian cities, constitution of municipal institute and its functions are researched in the first part of the study. The second part of the study is dedicated to the analysis of judiciary in cities. The author researches these judiciary peculiarities: types of, constitution of and ambit of judicature, appellate possibilities and place of Magdeburgian judiciary in the overall justiciary system of GDL. The development of ambit of judicature, its causative connections to the policy pursued by the ruler in a city, claims of noblemen and internal conflicts of municipal institutes. Intercourse of different justiciary ambits and ambit of city court is analyzed in this study as well. Conclusions are based on the analysis of: privileges of cities, court’ verdicts, court records, documents of magistrate.