Laivo frachtavimo sutartis (čarteris)

Abstract

SUMMARY Topic: Charter-party Main concepts: shipment agreement, charter - party, voyage charter, time charter, barebout charter, standard form charterparty clauses, titles of charter forms, cargo, bill of lading, shipper, transporter, freighter, ship manager, owner, charterer. Summary content: The concept of Charter-party by means of comparison, taking some marine states, as well as legal nature of Charterparty analysed, documents, proving transportation agreement, the concept of bill of lading are analysed in the essay. Three Charter – party forms: voyage charter, time charter and bareboat/dimaiz charter are discussed. The implementation of old and new (modern) charter forms in the International trade are analysed. The conditions of each type of charter are analysed, the list of recognised standard clauses is presented. Main duties and responsibilities of Charter parties are viewed. The topic is analysed from legal aspect. Summary: Marine shipping takes a significant part in the world economy and it is the basis of united cargo transportation system. The complicity of cargo transportation by sea is explained by variety of relationship in this area as well as variety of sources of character of legal regulation. Cargo transportation can be implemented on the ground of Charter-party or Bill of lading in the International Market. For the specific types of cargo and routes there exist standard Charter-party forms, used to charter either all or part of the ship. The legal nature of the charter determines the acknowledgment of Charter-party as cargo transportation agreement or acknowledgement the agreement as existing independent agreement. In the International Maritime Law there exist three charter types: voyage charter, time charter and bareboat charter. The practice of application of old and new charter forms in the international market, as well as Standardization, harmonization and improvement of charter party clauses is analysed. The abundance and variety of clauses of Charter-party supposes the demand to analyse the clauses of charter types and set the list of clauses identified as standard. The clauses presented clearly and comprehensibly are important not only for the parties of the charter but also in many ways they influences the third party-the holder of bill of lading. The clearly presented formulation of charter clauses decreases the possibility of disputes. Main duties and responsibilities of charter parties are viewed. The relations of two documents dealing with cargo transportation by sea –charter and bill of lading as well as recognition of advantage of charter in the International Market are discussed.