Taršos lakiaisiais organiniais junginiais valdymas

Abstract

Along with industrial and economic growth there is a persistent risk of permanently increasing air pollution. Air pollution has especially grown in the second half of the 20th century due to intense development of energy, industry and transport sectors. These pollution sources still remain the largest air polluters. Solvents, paints, glues, ink and other substances, emitting volatile organic compounds to air are used in such industries like reel, metal and wood coating, covering with glue sticks, footwear production, production of pharmaceutical products, printing, dry (chemical) surface cleaning etc. Emissions of volatile organic compounds make harm both to people and environment as well as damage the ozone layer. Volatile organic compounds also affect smog formation and green house effect. In the paper it is hypothesised that after implementation of EU legislation, observing the given emission limit values, improving technologies and implementing new treatment technologies, applying the measures to reduce pollution with volatile organic compounds and replacing the materials, emitting volatile organic compounds, with less polluting ones or those without pollution, air emission of volatile organic compounds will reduce dramatically. This master’s paper reviews the measures and ways to manage pollution with volatile organic compounds (VOC): directives and their requirements, transferred to the national laws of the member states, addressed to solve the VOC pollution problem, as well as the given limit VOC values and VOC emission thresholds, pollution integrated prevention and control permissions for activities, opportunities to implement the up-to-date technologies, alternative air cleaning installation used as well as the opportunities to apply the best available production methods. Products, rich of volatile organic compounds, are replaced with less harmful materials, searching for replacements. Economic and other measures are also applied in order to reduce pollution as much as possible, also to achieve positive results, especially rapid and efficient ones. Lithuania, regulating the pollution with volatile organic compounds, as far as possible: • Implements the best available production methods as well as newest technologies, adversely affecting human health as little as possible; • Regulates volumes of air emissions including the permanent organic compounds; • Improves air emission accounting and reporting order; • Has prepared and approved the legal acts needed to implement the air protection requirements of EU directives; • Improves order of pollution integrated prevention and issuing the control permissions; • Improves air quality monitoring. In spite of execution of VOC consumption and emission control and reduction policy, some issues remain unsolved: the measures, taken by European Community and European Commission, are sought to reduce air emission of volatile organic compounds, however their implementation needs large investments.