Besikeičiantys darbo santykiai ir jų reguliavimas Lietuvoje

Abstract

The employment relationship is the most sensitive public relationship that exists between those who perform work (employees) and those who create jobs (employers). Globalization and new technologies, economic crises, the COVID-19 pandemic, wars (such as in Syria, Ukraine, etc.), the expansion of the World Trade Organization, and other reasons point to the need for change and adaptation to new conditions, including employment relations. The changed relationship between labor and capital has brought the parties’ interests even closer, and has opened up the need for closer cooperation. Law and legal regulation are inevitable for the monitoring of such changes, and require a quick response. Flexicurity is one of the values that is constantly under dispute by lawmakers. However, while adopting labor laws, lawmakers are under pressure from the confrontation between the interests of state, employees and employers; thus, it is extremely difficult to drive innovation in the regulation of employment relations. Even if some amendments are made to labor laws, the subjects of employment relations often are unprepared, untrained and (or) unable to take advantage of such amendments. There is a noticeable trend towards reducing the international labor standards developed by the International Labor Organization (ILO and narrowing the scope of the regulation of issues, such as by excluding material or disciplinary liability), while at the same time much more attention is paid to the quality of the regulation of labor relations.614 The most frequently cited reason for the ILO’s regulatory suspension is the failure to reach a consensus among contracting parties and growing economic pressures.