The Institute of Constitutional Liability (Impeachment) in The System of Checks and Balances: Comparative Analysis

Abstract

The master's thesis is devoted to a comprehensive study of the institute of constitutional and legal responsibility in the form of impeachment in the system of checks and balances. The work analyzes the theoretical foundations of impeachment, its historical evolution and modern legal regulation in different countries. Special attention is paid to a comparative analysis of impeachment in the USA, South Korea, Brazil, Ukraine and Lithuania, which allows assessing the effectiveness of this mechanism in different political and legal systems. The role of impeachment as a means of ensuring the responsibility of senior officials before society is studied, its legal and political aspects are analyzed, as well as the threats associated with its politicization. Attention is paid to the influence of disinformation campaigns on the impeachment procedure and the role of social networks in shaping public opinion regarding this process. The problems of determining the grounds for impeachment and their practical implementation both in Ukraine and in other states are analyzed. The paper makes recommendations for improving Ukrainian legislation and the practice of applying impeachment, aimed at increasing its effectiveness and preventing its use as a tool of political pressure.