Teisės mokyklos dekanatas / Law School Dean’s Office

Aim: The purpose of the article is to study the dynamics of medical tourism development in Ukraine in recent years before the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation, and also to identify the main directions of its recovery in the post-war period. Materials and methods: The study is based on an interdisciplinary approach that combines legal analysis, economic modeling, and elements of sustainable urban development research. The methodological framework includes systemic-structural and functional-legal analysis of Ukrainian legislation on healthcare, investment policy, and regional development, as well as empirical data on the state of medical tourism in the pre-war period. Analytical methods were used to identify relationships between the development of medical tourism and the resilience of urban environments under crisis conditions. Results: The article analyses examples of successful implementation of public-private initiatives, in particular, the creation of Dnipro Medical Cluster. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of medical tourism as a factor in the formation of economic and legal resilience of Ukrainian cities. It is substantiated that the development of medical tourism has contributed to increasing the resilience of the urban environment to external crises. The article considers new challenges - ensuring access to medical services for internally displaced persons, organisation of rehabilitation of victims, emergence of the phenomenon of forced medical tourism. Conclusions: The strategic guidelines for the development of medical tourism in the post-war period are proposed. It is concluded that the restoration and development of medical tourism in Ukraine has a double meaning - as an economic tool and as a means of ensuring the sustainability of urban systems in the period of post-war transformation. Implementation of the proposed measures will contribute not only to economic growth, but also to strengthening the resilience of Ukrainian cities as centres of medical, social and investment opportunities.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the legal framework governing the implementation of biomedical technologies in Ukraine’s healthcare system. To achieve this objective, the authors examined scientific sources on the regulation of biomedical technologies and analyzed relevant provisions of Ukrainian legislation. General scientific and special legal research methods were applied, including empirical, formal-logical, and comparative legal approaches.The article defines the concept of biomedical technologies and outlines approaches to launching transformational processes in the healthcare sector. It has been established that in Ukraine it is planned expansion of measures for the application of medical innovations in the fields of reproduction, additive technologies, genetics, and genomics. These measures involve public funding for in vitro fertilization cycles, genetic laboratory testing, and the promotion of innovative activities. The study reveals that, in addition to public law regulation, private law norms also play a significant role in the implementation of biomedical technologies within the healthcare system.

Developing sustainable and resilient ICT-energy networks is crucial for powering artificial intelligence (AI). Bottlenecks in power infrastructure – such as generation, transmission, storage, and operational stability – can hinder the growth of data centers. Powering AI relies on various disciplines and factors, including technology, human elements, regulations, cybersecurity, finance, business, environmental issues, social considerations, and governance (ESG). This study underscores a systematic approach to understanding and managing the interaction between AI policy and the ICT-energy nexus regarding energy balance, supply chains, human factors, and regulation. Given today’s complex challenges, and being informed by best practices and future strategies that foster sustainable and resilient data centers and AI, the author argues that any solution should be threat-agnostic to ensure resilience against man-made and natural disasters. This interdisciplinary strategy ultimately aims to enhance energy efficiency, power transmission, grid availability, and supply chain resilience while reducing carbon emissions for ICT-energy systems. The state-of-the-art analysis identified gaps in policy papers and produced key findings to bolster AI capabilities. Focusing on Ukraine, the author presents these key findings as a pathway for further assumptions and research to highlight the elements of collaboration in policy, technology, humancentered approaches, and interdisciplinary efforts, coupled with a call to action.

Mokslinių tyrimų ir eksperimentinės plėtros projektų paraiškų finansavimo, atrankos ir vertinimo teisinio reguliavimo raida Lietuvoje 2004–2025 m. rodo nuoseklias, tačiau ne visada pakankamai efektyvias pastangas kurti konkurencingą, skaidrią ir tarptautinius standartus atitinkančią mokslo finansavimo sis- temą. Lietuvos mokslo taryba, pagrindinė mokslo finansavimo institucija, per šį laikotarpį įgyvendino daugybę reformų, siekdama optimizuoti paraiškų atrankos ir vertinimo procesus, tačiau sistemoje vis dar lieka administracinių iššūkių, nepakankamas teisinis aiškumas ir vertinimo subjektyvumo rizika. Šioje studijoje, pasitelkus lyginamąją teisinę analizę ir dokumentų peržiūrą, išnagrinėta, kaip keitėsi paraiškų teikimo, atrankos ir vertinimo kriterijai, kokie pokyčiai padėjo gerinti finansavimo sistemos efektyvumą ir su kokiomis problemomis susiduria tiek mokslininkai, tiek vertintojai. Nustatyta, kad konkursinis finansavimas, nors ir leidžia efektyviau paskirstyti išteklius, dažnai tampa pernelyg biurokratizuotas, o paraiškų rengėjai susiduria su nevienodais reikalavimais skirtingose finansavimo programose. Be to, vertinimo kriterijų nevienalytiškumas gali lemti skirtingus sprendimus dėl to paties projekto finansavimo priklausomai nuo programos, o tai mažina sistemos patikimumą. Pastebėta, kad priimant administracinius pokyčius dažnai nepakankamai atsižvelgiama į realius mokslininkų poreikius, todėl reikalaujama paraiškų forma ir turinys gali būti neproporcingai sudėtingi, palyginti su realiai prieinamais finansavimo ištekliais. Siekiant gerinti mokslinių tyrimų finansavimo mechanizmus, studijoje siūloma stiprinti mišrią (kiekybinę ir kokybinę) vertinimo sistemą, didinti vertintojų kompetencijos standartizavimą, aiškiau apibrėžti paraiškų vertinimo kriterijus ir užtikrinti mokslininkų įtraukimą į sprendimų priėmimo procesus. Taip pat akcentuojama, kad būtina mažinti perteklinę administracinę naštą ir optimizuoti vertinimo procedūras, siekiant išvengti nereikalingo biurokratinio barjero aukštos kokybės moksliniams tyrimams. Studijos rezultatai parodė, kad nors Lietuvos projektų finansavimo sistema nuosekliai tobulinama, išlieka esminių iššūkių, susijusių su teisinio reguliavimo lankstumo stoka, nevienodais vertinimo standartais ir nepakankamu grįžtamuoju ryšiu tarp paraiškų rengėjų ir finansuojančiųjų institucijų. Studijoje pateikiamos rekomendacijos gali padėti formuoti efektyvesnę, skaidresnę ir labiau į rezultatus orientuotą mokslinių tyrimų finansavimo politiką, kuri užtikrintų konkurencingumą ne tik nacionaliniu, bet ir tarptautiniu lygmeniu.

Los autores del artículo han llevado a cabo un exhaustivo análisis de los principios jurídicos que rigen la interacción entre los organismos de autogobierno local y la Policía Nacional en el ámbito de la protección del patrimonio cultural en el contexto de la ley marcial en Ucrania. Se ha procedido a la revisión exhaustiva de la legislación vigente que regula las competencias de las entidades pertinentes en lo que respecta a la preservación del patrimonio cultural. Este análisis ha abarcado las leyes de Ucrania sobre la protección del patrimonio cultural y sobre la Policía Nacional, así como los reglamentos pertinentes. Se han señalado los problemas prácticos relacionados con la fragmentación y la vaguedad de la normativa, en particular la falta de disposiciones especiales sobre la participación de la policía en las medidas de seguridad en situaciones de emergencia. Se ha fundamentado la viabilidad de modificar las disposiciones legales pertinentes, en particular, complementando la ley de Ucrania sobre la protección del patrimonio cultural con una norma que establezca los fundamentos jurídicos y los mecanismos de interacción con las fuerzas del orden público. Se ha dedicado una atención meticulosa a las perspectivas de armonización entre la legislación nacional y los instrumentos jurídicos internacionales, tales como el Convenio de La Haya de 1954 y el Convenio de Faro de 2005. Se han propuesto áreas concretas para la optimización del marco regulatorio, tales como el inventario de competencias de los organismos de autogobierno local, la modernización de la legislación en materia de cultura y la iniciativa de codificación mediante el Código de Leyes de Cultura. El artículo contiene generalizaciones analíticas y recomendaciones prácticas, y se fundamenta en un enfoque interdisciplinario que utiliza métodos de análisis jurídico, derecho comparado y elementos de la administración pública.

The purpose of this article is to substantiate the necessity of intensifying military-patriotic education of youth in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war and to popularize Ukrainian historical martial arts as an effective means of forming individual value orientations. The methodological basis of the study is a systematic and comprehensive approach that provided the study and generalization of the substantive components of the value orientations of an individual-defender of the Motherland. It is proven that the mastery of Ukrainian historical traditional martial arts by young people contributes to the value attitude formation of the individual to the world around them and to themselves. The attention is focused on the cultural component of military-patriotic education, which is a powerful prerequisite for the formation of a culture of interethnic good-neighborly relations, legal, political and ecological culture, and in general the spirituality of the individual. The role of parents and the public in the military-patriotic education of youth, which is becoming especially relevant in the conditions of a full-scale war in Ukraine, is analyzed. It is emphasized that the value-based formation attitude of an individual towards society and the state should be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the Concept of National-Patriotic Education.