Informacinių komunikacinių technologijų taikymo socialiniame darbe su šeima galimybės ir pranašumai
| Date | Volume | Issue |
|---|---|---|
2024 | 22 | 1 |
Socialinis darbas yra profesija, kur tiesioginis kontaktas su klientu yra esminis. Didžiulis postūmis taikyti informacines komunikacines technologijas (IKT) socialiniame darbe buvo COVID-19 pandemija, žymiai apribojus tiesioginio kontakto su klientais galimybes. IKT – tai elektroninės priemonės, naudojamos informacijai perduoti, manipuliuoti ir saugoti. IKT taikymo socialiniame darbe tyrimų Lietuvoje yra mažai. Straipsnio tikslas – atskleisti soci- alinių darbuotojų, dirbančių su šeimomis, informacinių technologijų taikymo galimybes ir pranašumus. Straipsnyje analizuojami 2023 m. atlikto kokybinio tyrimo rezultatai. Duomenims rinkti buvo pasitelktas pusiau struktūruotas interviu. Tyrimo dalyviai – socialiniai darbuotojai, dirbantys su sunkumų patiriančiomis šeimomis N mieste. Tyrime dalyvavo 11 socialinių darbuotojų. Visos tyrimo dalyvės buvo moterys, kurių amžiaus vidurkis 33 metai, darbo stažo socialinio darbo srityje vidurkis – 9 metai. Interviu trukmės vidurkis 40 min. Duomenų analizės metodu pasirinkta turinio analizė. Tyrimo klausimai: kokias IKT socialiniai darbuotojai taiko dirbdami su šeimomis? Kokioms socialinio darbo sritims taikomos KT? Kokie IKT taikymo pranašumai socialiniame darbe su šeima? Tyrimo duomenys rodo, kad kompiuteriai, išmanieji telefonai, programos ir plataus pobūdžio technologijos, kurios palengvina darbo veiklą ir procesus, tapo svarbiais darbo su šeimomis įrankiais.
Significant impetus for applying ICT in social work was provided by the COVID-19 pandemic, which significantly restricted opportunities for direct contact with clients. UNESCO (2009) defines ICT as various technological tools and resources used to transmit, store, create, share, or exchange information, including computers, the internet (websites, blogs, and emails), live broadcasting technologies (radio, television, and internet streaming), and recording technologies (podcasting, audio and video players, and storage devices). The application of ICT in social work practice poses considerable challenges. When pre- senting social work as a profession, the aspect of social work involving direct contact with clients is first emphasized, where the social worker-client relationship is most important (Nordesjo, Scaramuzzino & Ulmestig, 2021; Randolph et al., 2022). This relationship, based on humanistic principles, is central to client growth and change (Payne, 2011). Social workers aim to establish and maintain trusting relationships with the client and their environment, and the success of an intervention often depends on the relationship between the social worker and the client (Rollins, 2020). A less strongly emphasized but no less important aspect of social work is social work management and administration. Coulshed et al. (2006) indicated that social work practice activities include the managerial skills that social workers at all levels must have. The authors also emphasized that keeping notes on clients, plans, meetings, and budgeting is an inevitable part of social work administration, which is necessary for reporting to both management and clients. Not only the case manager, but also every social worker makes a plan to achieve a certain goal, organizes people and resources to implement the plan, mobilizes professionals, evaluates the results and revises and adjusts the plan. Lewis, Packard and Lewis (2012) referred to these functions as social work management. However, social workers often view this managerial and administrative aspect of social work negatively, seeing it as a waste of time at the expense of direct work with clients (Coulshed et al., 2006).