Darbo sutarties instituto ypatumai Baltijos valstybėse

Straipsnyje analizuojami Lietuvos, Latvijos ir Estijos teisės aktai, reglamentuojantys darbo sutarties sudarymą, darbo sąlygų nustatymą, darbo sutarties pasibaigimą. Darbo tikslas – atskleisti pagrindinius darbo sutarties instituto Baltijos valstybėse panašumus ir skirtumus. Šiam tikslui pasiekti straipsnyje taikomi sisteminės analizės, lyginamasis ir loginis metodai.

The investigation of legal acts of the Baltic States, regulating the peculiarities of employment contract institute, makes to come to these conclusions: 1. Not each of the Baltic States has got it’s labour laws codified, which would be lawfully perfect, systematized and handy for a user. The separate uncodified legal acts are still in force in Estonia. 2. The form of employment contract is regulated differently in each state. Both written and oral forms of employment contract are admitted in Estonia and Latvia and make no problems of practical enforcement of such a provision, meanwhile there is an approved written form of employment contract in Lithuania, though 56 the systemic analysis of Labour Code norms allow us to make the conslusion that employment contract may also be made in oral form. 3. There are only two conditions of employment contract set in the Baltic countries – employee’s place of work and job functions. Lithuania is unique of its dividing those employment contract conditions into essential and others. 4. Labour Code of Republic of Lithuania has determined the longest probation period – till six months in cases provided by low. The rest of the Baltic States limit the duration of probation period by three, four months. 5. The position of European Union is about to separate the types of employment contracts, but the single Labour Code of Lithuania makes a exhaustive distinction between different types of employment contracts in all Baltic states. According to the time period, employment contracts are non-term and fixed-term, according to the specifics of work: seasonal, for a particular work etc.