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Background. As our society is subject to changes, knowledge about the learners’ attitudes towards a physical education teacher, their behaviour and characteristics can help to more effectively address the problems of physical education at school. The research hypothesis was raised in this article as follows: attitudes of 15–16-year-old pupils with a sufficient activity level towards a physical education teacher and their behaviour will differ with respect to gender: the male pupils’ approach will be more positive than that of female pupils. Research aim was to investigate the attitudes of 15–16-year-old pupils with a sufficient activity level towards a physical education teacher and their behaviour. Methods. The survey was conducted during physical education classes in Kaunas secondary schools in spring, 2015. The questionnaire survey was carried out. Questionnaire data of 300 sufficiently physically active pupils (150 boys and 150 girls) were analysed. Results. Both boys and girls indicated good knowledge of the subject, friendliness, communication with the group, taking into account pupils’ opinions as the most appealing characteristics of the physical education teacher. Both genders considered that the most unfavourable teacher characteristics were insisting on meeting physical standards, non-involvement in physical activities together with pupils in the classroom and disregarding pupils’ needs and wishes. More girls than boys (p < .05) did not appreciate the teacher’s non-communication with pupils, lack of dedication and making offensive comments. Conclusions. Both boys and girls pointed out that the most appealing traits of the physical education teacher’s characteristics were good knowledge of the subject, friendliness, communication with the group and taking into account pupils’ opinions. Girls appeared to be more demanding to the physical education teacher’s behaviour than boys.

Occlusion training with low-intensity resistance exercises and blood flow restriction in - creases muscle cross-sectional area and strength. This form of training is used in rehabilitation; therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of one occlusion training session on the cardiovascular response to bouts of exercise. [Subjects and Methods] Two groups took part: a control group without blood flow restriction and an exper - imental group with blood flow restriction. A single training session was used with the exercise intensity set at 40% of the one repetition maximum. Maximum voluntary contraction, arterial blood pressure, and electrocardiogram measurements were performed. [Results] Heart rate was slightly higher in the control group. The performed train - ing had no effect on diastolic blood pressure in either group, however, a tendency for a small systolic blood pressure increase was observed during the session in the experimental group. JT interval changes did not reveal significant differences between groups. There were no significant changes in ST-segment depression during the exercise or at rest. A lower tendency for JT/RR increases was observed during the repeated exercise tasks with partial blood flow restriction. [Conclusion] Low intensity exercises carried out with a partial blood flow restriction do not result in significant overload of cardiac function.

Background. Socio-cultural pressure exerted by the environment and the media makes the majority of women take care of their bodies. That is especially true in Western culture which promotes slimmer women in recent decades. Methods. Two questionnaires were used in this research: Body Shape Questionnaire and Sense of Coherence scale. Research participants were 79 women aged 34.6 ± 3.76 years. Results. After six months of regular fitness classes women’s satisfaction of their body and their sense coherence level improved significantly. Relations between body shape dissatisfaction and sense of coherence, body shape dissatisfaction and manageability, comprehensibility and manageability were found. Conclusions. Systematic fitness training positively affects women’s satisfaction with their body. Understanding of the capability of controlling their body shape was improved. There was a significant relationship between dissatisfaction with their body shape and sense of coherence. The effect of physical activity improved the values of all three components of the sense of coherence construct. The values of comprehensibility, meaningfulness and manageability indicators show that respondents may already have a better control of their sense of coherence.

There was a statistically significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the test performance average time values of “Up and go” test in both groups. A statistically significant increase (p < 0.001) was established in the mean values of the six-minute walk distance. Kinematics of speed and accuracy movements statistically significantly increased (p < 0.05) in both groups. Discussion and conclusions. Both physical therapy programmes were effective in improving the quality of life, balance and kinematics of speed and accuracy movements of the hand in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Individual physical therapy programme at home was less effective, while acceleration of the pace of individual workouts on the treadmill in the gym had a greater impact.

Conclusion. Physical Education teachers tend to subjectively better evaluate the contemporary realities of physical education classes compared to students. Teachers more often indicated that they applied independent work in their lessons, and thought that the lesson content met the needs of the students and led enough to unconventional physical activity and healthy lifestyle. Students more often pointed out that teachers never assessed them according to their progress in the development of their physical qualities and knowledge during lessons. In the opinions of teachers and students, physical fitness test results are still common evaluation criteria in the lessons.

Background. The aim of the research was to identify the shift of the attitude of students towards the physical education teacher. Hypothesis of the research: Students attending compulsory physical education classes view physical education teacher worse than those who have a possibility of physical education as an optional subject at the university. Methods. The first study was conducted in the spring semester of 2009 and the second study was conducted after four years (in the spring semester of 2013). First year students took part in the research, 362 females participated in the first study and 343 females in the second study. The total number of male participants in the first study was 129, in the second study – 169. Research participants were students selected from several universities using convenience sampling strategy. The data were analysed using the statistical data software package SPSS 21.0 for Windows.   Results. The analysis of the research data about the most appealing traits of physical education teacher revealed that male students appreciated the teacher’s ability to be calm, interested in each student, to be creative and be able to apply innovations. Conclusions. For students the most appealing traits of physical education teachers are good knowledge of the subject and friendliness. The female students also emphasized the importance of good appearance of the teacher of physical education as well as good interaction with the group, the male students appreciated a good sense of humour and possibility of easy communication with the teacher. In four years’ time students’ attitudes towards the teacher of physical education improved.

Research background and hypothesis. The sport result is mostly accounted for by the technical and tactic preparation of SAMBO fighters. The establishment of the Sports and Combat SAMBO wrestling contest actions will allow identifying the essential differences between the ways of wrestling. Research aim was to examine the distribution of actions used by Lithuanian Sport and Combat SAMBO fighters exhibiting different sport skill levels at contests differing in terms of their level. Research methods. In 2012 we watched 46 Lithuanian higher school Sport SAMBO contest bouts and analysed 50 Lithuanian Sport SAMBO Championship bouts and 43 Combat SAMBO bouts. Research results. Actions performed at Sport SAMBO were relatively divided into: very important – throws by legs and throws by trunk; important – throws by arms and retention; of minor importance – painful arm locks and painful leg locks. Combat SAMBO wrestling actions were divided into: very important – throws by arms, retention and throws by trunk; important – throws by legs, painful arm locks; of minor importance – painful leg locks. Discussion and conclusions. In stage-activity, the arsenal of greater mastery SAMBO wrestling moves and combinations is larger, therefore the process of drafting motion management training should be the main objective. Throws performed on stage by Sports and Combat SAMBO wrestling wrestlers have major differences. Sport SAMBO is based on a large variety off throws, in sport SAMBO the throw is attempted by feet or waist, and combat SAMBO wrestling is based on hand throws, throws around the waist, maintenance, leg locks and arm bars.

Research background and hypothesis. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a disease of the elderly, characterized by motor symptoms (resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability) when the extrapyramidal system lacks dopamine. Studies have shown that physiotherapy together with the usual medication used to treat PD can slow down the increasing immobility. Research aim was to assess the effect of home physiotherapy on balance and dynamic as well as kinematic movement characteristics of the dominant hand for people with Parkinson’s disease. Research methods. Research group consisted of 8 patients with PD, stage 1–2 of the disease, the symptoms of which were expressed on the right hand. The study was conducted using Fullerton balance test and the human arm and leg movement Dynamic Parameter Analyser DPA-1. Research results. Balance as well as kinematic and dynamic characteristics of movements for patients with PD statistically significantly improved (p < 0.05) after the physiotherapy exercise cycle at home. Discussion and conclusions. After physiotherapy, coordination of the dominant hand for patients with PD significantly improved: reaction time became shorter, maximum and average task speed increased, balance improved statistically significantly. The results showed that physiotherapy at home was an effective and reliable way for patients with PD to train their balance as well as kinematic and dynamic characteristics of their movements.

Vienkartinio raumenų susitraukimo galingumo ir anaerobinio alaktatinio raumenų galingumo tyrimai teikia patikimos informacijos apie trumpo darbo raumenų galingumą. Abiejų testų metu krepšininkas pasiekė geriausių rezultatų tyrimo pabaigoje. Šie rodikliai, lyginant su kitų šakų sportininkų (tarp jų ir krepšininkų), yra labai dideli. Judesių dažnis (kartai per 10 s) buvo labai didelis ir pagerėjo nuo 58 iki 85 k. / s tyrimų pabaigoje. Tai rodo gerą centrinės nervų sistemos paslankumą. Fizinis išsivystymas, fi zinė galia ir funkcinis pajėgumas rodo, kaip kito krepšininko rodikliai, kartu gerėjo ir žaidimo kokybė. Remiantis tyrimų rezultatais buvo koreguojamas treniruotės vyksmas, o sukaupti duomenys galėtų būti modeliniai ir pasitarnauti ieškant naujų gabių krepšininkų.

Tyrimo tikslas — nustatyti ir palyginti Generolo Jono Žemaičio Lietuvos karo akademijos pirmo kurso kariūnų (LKA) ir Didžiojo Lietuvos etmono Jonušo Radvilos mokomojo pulko šauktinių (JRMP) blauzdos tiesiamųjų ir lenkiamųjų raumenų funkcinį pajėgumą, atsparumą nuovargiui ir atsigavimą. LKA kariūnų (n = 17) amžiaus vidurkis 18,8 ± 0,4 m., ūgis 181,3 ± 12,0 cm, kūno masė 77,5 ± 9,0 kg; JRMP šauktinių (n = 20) amžiaus vidurkis 19,8 ± 1,1 m., ūgis 180,3 ± 6,9 cm, kūno masė 70,4 ± 9,4 kg. Tiriamieji testuoti „Biodex Medical System 3“ — žmogaus kaulų ir raumenų testavimo ir reabilitacijos įranga. Prieš krūvį, iš karto po jo ir praėjus 5 minutėms po krūvio buvo matuojama maksimalioji valinga momentinė jėga (MVMJ) (3 kartus tiesiant ir lenkiant koją per kelio sąnarį vidutiniu greičiu (180° / s)). Fizinis krūvis — 100 blauzdos tiesimo ir lenkimo judesių vidutiniu greičiu. MVMJ testavimo metu tiesiant blauzdą LKA karių sumažėjo iki 40,45%, JRMP šauktinių — iki 43,75%. Lenkiant blauzdą, MVMJ rodikliai LKA karių sudarė 43,6% pradinės reikšmės, JRMP šauktinių — 39,1%, lyginant su pradine reikšme. Rezultatai parodė, kad LKA karių, lyginant su JRMP šauktiniais, MVMJ tiek prieš krūvį, tiek atsigavimo metu buvo didesnė; raumenų atsparumas nuovargiui ir atsigavimas tiek tiesiant blauzdą, tiek lenkiant ją iš esmės tiriamųjų grupėse buvo panašūs. Įdomu tai, kad ir LKA kariūnų, ir JRMP šauktinių MVMJ nuostoliai ryškiausi atlikus 50 tiesimo judesių, tuo tarpu tokia MVMJ kaita blauzdos lenkiamuosiuose raumenyse pasireiškia atlikus 30 judesių.