Modern scientific and methodological approaches to monitoring a country’s economic security

Abstract

In the system of ensuring economic security, a significant role is played by assessing its level in order to further determine the security situation and develop measures for managing the security component of the socio-economic development of countries. The first part of this chapter is devoted to the systematization of existing scientific and methodological approaches to the analysis of economic security and the monitoring of the security situation in order to improve the methodological apparatus for assessing the level of national economic security and the security situation as a whole, which will strengthen the efficiency of economic policy measures in the field of security management and the sustainability of socio-economic development. The authors systematize the features of economic security assessment and prove that the process of economic security assessment should be based on a system of interrelated elements, namely: the direction of assessment, the nature of assessment, assessment tools, and assessment results. It has been determined that in the system of evaluation, it is advisable to highlight such aspects of evaluation as: the security environment and its parameters (determinants); the system of threats and security risks; the security situation and the level of security; the nature of the assessment, which determines its type (qualitative analysis, descriptive analysis, quantitative analysis); the type of assessment, which determines the use of a specific assessment tool that is then represented by a combination of different methods of analysis (the method of expert assessments, the scenario analysis method, indicative methods, questionnaire methods, multidimensional analysis, modeling and forecasting methods, factor analysis, etc.); and the result of the assessment, which is expressed in the form of a presentation of the analysis results (analytical report, strategic plan, survey results, expert forecasts, security indices, forecast and modeled security level assessments, security profiles, risk matrices, risk profiles, etc.). Based on the results of the analysis, a comprehensive approach to the assessment of economic security is proposed, which includes a combination of different emphases regarding the assessment of elements of the economic security system at different hierarchical levels (global, regional, and national), namely: the assessment of the global security environment through the analysis of threats and risks; the multicriteria assessment of countries’ positions in the global economic environment; the comparative analysis of regional security complexes; and the analysis of national peculiarities of the economic security system, which will allow a comprehensive, diverse vision of the features and peculiarities of the security system of national economies operating in the conditions of rapid transformations of the global environment to be obtained.