Fizinio smurto sporte baudžiamasis teisinis įvertinimas
Mykolo Romerio universitetas |
| Date |
|---|
2014 |
Nagrinėjama Lietuvoje nauja ir moksliškai dar neanalizuota tema – fizinio smurto naudojimas sporte ir baudžiamoji atsakomybė už jį. Atsižvelgiant į tai, kad mokslinių straipsnių šia tema bei tokio pobūdžio bylų Lietuvoje dar nėra, straipsnyje analizuojama užsienio šalių doktrina ir praktika. Pateikiamas teisinis sporto, kaip fizinės veiklos, reglamentavimas. Analizuojami fizinės prievartos atvejai (susidūrimai), šiurkščiai pažeidžiantys sporto taisykles ir galintys užtraukti baudžiamąją atsakomybę. Diskutuojama apie sportininko sutikimo, apimančio galimybę būti sužalotam, turinį ir apimtį. Straipsnyje siekiama pateikti objektyvius kriterijus, leidžiančius identifikuoti nusikalstamos veikos padarymo faktą sporto metu. Galiausiai diskutuojama, ar baudžiamosios atsakomybės taikymas už šiurkščius, sportiniams principams bei taisyklėms prieštaraujančius nusižengimus, sukėlusius sveikatos sutrikdymą ar gyvybės atėmimą, nepažeidžia ultima ratio principo.
This article analyzes new and scientifically unanalyzed subject in Lithuania – the use of physical violence in sports and criminal liability for it. The aim of this article is to identify how cruel emotions can influence the use of physical strength and injuries against opponent in sports. The subject of this article is not very popular, nor there are a lot of scientists interested in it in Lithuania, so this article pays a lot of attention of foreign countries doctrine and practice. This is one of the reasons why this subject is so important and significant in academic level. The author of the article tries to explore if intentional physical violence during sport events may result in a criminal liability for assaults. On the other hand, there are many cases when sport event contestants have a possibility to legally use violence and not even for winning aims. This article intends to provide objective criteria, which would help to identify the fact of criminal offence during sports. Since there are not many scientific researches and Lithuania courts judicial practice on this kind of subject, the author explores foreign countries doctrine and practice for finding the objective criteria as well. This article presents legal regulation of sport, as a physical activity. Moreover, it discusses whether criminal liability for serious, contrary to sports principles misconducts, which lead to body injury or homicide, does not violate the principle of ultima ratio, also analyses physical abuse cases (collisions), gross violations of the rules of sports. Discussing the athletes consent, which includes the possibility of being injured, it’s content and scope. It discusses criminal procedure, Issues – the defense of public interest and etc. The main object of this study is to provide potential objective criteria, which will enable the identification of the facts of the offense of physical violence in sports.