Mulevičienė, Salvija

Straipsnyje analizuojama, kaip suderinti konstitucinę saviraiškos ir informacijos laisvę su teise į asmens duomenų apsaugą, kai žurnalistai ir kiti viešosios informacijos rengėjai prašo duomenų iš valdžios institucijų. Praktikoje neretai kyla situacijų, kai valdžios institucijos, remdamosi Bendruoju duomenų apsaugos reglamentu, atsisako teikti informaciją, kurioje yra asmens duomenų, taip sudarydamos prielaidas galimai neproporcingai riboti teisę gauti informaciją ir silpninti žiniasklaidos, kaip demokratijos sergėtojos, funkcijos įgyvendinimą. Straipsnyje tiriama saviraiškos ir informacijos laisvės norminė aplinka Europos Sąjungos ir Lietuvos teisėje, apžvelgiama teismų praktika ir nagrinėjami galimi teisių gynimo būdai (kreipimasis į Seimo kontrolierių, Lietuvos administracinių ginčų komisiją, Regionų administracinį teismą), įvertinant jų trukmę ir praktinį veiksmingumą. Pagrindinė išvada – esamos gynybos priemonės ne visuomet užtikrina savalaikę ir veiksmingą žiniasklaidos atstovų teisės gauti informaciją apsaugą, todėl siūloma svarstyti šios teisės stiprinimą įgaliojimus nagrinėti skundus dėl informacijos neteikimo suteikiant žurnalistų etikos inspektoriui ir taip prisidėti prie labiau subalansuoto duomenų apsaugos ir saviraiškos laisvės derinimo modelio.

This is the part of the book which aims to present the results of research conducted at various European research centres focused on insolvency law. Researchers from Norway, Poland, Ukraine, Lithuania, Germany, the United Kingdom, and Slovenia provided their insights on court and out-of-court restructuring which is of great social importance. From a cognitive standpoint, it is important to analyse the circumstances influencing the choice of this restructuring method and the effects of such a decision on the socio-economic environment. The emphasis in this book is not only on describing what the law looks like (law-in-books) but, more importantly, on how the law operates in practice (law-in-action). For this reason, the work presents the practical aspects of restructuring and insolvency proceedings in different countries, taking into account the legal culture of each jurisdiction.

Lithuania underwent a substantial corporate restructuring regime overhaul in 2019 and 2021. This article examined the transformative changes brought by these reforms on the insolvency legal framework in Lithuania, draws comparison with reforms in other countries and evaluates their overall impact on the sound business framework in Lithuania. It concludes that Lithuania has adopted a strategic approach centered on the punctual and technical transposition of the rules outlined in the Preventive Restructuring Directive into the existent insolvency framework. It has chosen not to create any new separate procedure specifically tailored to pre-insolvency situations.

The publication summarizes the most important outputs from an international project organized by the University of Lithuania and implemented within the framework of the ,,Norway Grants” grant, which is simply described as ,,Portrait of a Judge”, but with the subtitle ,,A multidimensional model of competencies to be measured during the process of selection, evaluation and promotion of judges”. It is thus clear that it is focused on the person and function of the ,,judge”, and here, on the basis of a European comparative study, the authors specify appropriate competencies to be identified and measured during the selection, evaluation and promotion of judges in the first position, both to higher courts and when appointing to managerial positions of courts. In the form of a coloured graphical table in the second part of the book, the authors clearly present the set of competences that are used in the process of appointing, evaluating and promoting judges, as well as the criteria and methods for measuring these competences. This model has been designed to be flexible, with traffic light colours indicating which requirements, criteria and methods are considered 'good to have' (green), up to those which, as far as our experts are concerned, should not be part of the process of selecting, evaluating and promoting judges (red). The implementation of the ,,Portrait of a Judge” project also builds on numerous guarantees and aspects of judicial independence, in particular in relation to the executive, in a broader context, but also takes into account the gradual influence of case law on the decision-making of the courts of the member states of the Council of Europe. The independence of the judiciary is one of the fundamental European values that govern the rule of law and their constitutional systems. Therefore, constant attention is paid to this issue in the scientific and pedagogical activities of universities and research institutes and, of course, top judicial institutions. For this reason, the participation of representatives of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Lithuania, the High Court in Prague and the Supreme Court of Albania, as well as representatives of the Supreme Judicial Councils of Lithuania and Albania, is very valuable.