Rackevičienė, Sigita

The topic of migration has become increasingly significant for contemporary discussion due to its sharp rise. People migrate for a variety of reasons, such as seeking better employment, education, family reunification, or escaping persecution and armed conflicts. Migration management occurs on both national and international levels, involving collaboration between governmental and non-governmental organizations to create and implement policies that protect migrants’ rights, ensure their integration, and maintain community stability. Thus, the need to clarify migration-related terminology to large groups of users has increased considerably. The research aims to model the framework of concepts of the migration domain and contrast linguistic means used for formation of their designations based on the bilingual English-Lithuanian corpora data. The research results can be practically applied in several areas. Firstly, conceptual frameworks are essential for organizing knowledge within the migration domain. They are based on conceptual relationships, which help develop a clear picture of the specialized domain and its knowledge structures. This is important for experts who create and share knowledge, for the public seeking to acquire it, and for terminology managers. Secondly, nowadays conceptual frameworks are found inseparable from knowledge engineering, which is a form of artificial intelligence. They involve the identification, representation, transformation, and transfer of knowledge. And finally, the results of the research might be used for compilation of a terminological database of the migration domain benefiting migrants, migration institutions, students and translators.

Frame Semantics allows for the revelation of semantic and syntactic patterns representing conceptual frames and explains how language functions to make meaning possible. The aim of the research is to carry out a frame-based analysis of the terms designating the concept RISK in an ad hoc trilingual parallel corpus of financial documents, and contrast the linguistic means used to express risk-related situations in English, French and Lithuanian. The object of the research is multi-word terms with the nominal base risk/risque/rizika. There are no works on terms from EU financial field applying Frame Semantics methodology in several languages so far. The given research attempts to fill this gap. Therefore, it is significant in two major aspects. First, this is the first scientific work in which Frame Semantics methodology is applied for the contrastive analysis of the English, French and Lithuanian terminology. While the English and French terminology has been investigated using frame-based approach for several decades, it is the first attempt to apply this methodology for the Lithuanian terminological data of the financial field. Second, Corpus Linguistics methodology disclosed the real use of terms and revealed the perception of the universal conceptualisation of a domain in question and peculiarities of its linguistic expression in different languages. Thus, the findings of this research might be applied by terminology researchers, practitioners, trainers, users and other participants of the international specialised communication whose interests and work concern the links between language and knowledge.

Legal terms have been constantly created and used to name new legal concepts. It is important that they accurately perform their function and are convenient to use. Contrastive research on formation of terms reveals traditions and trends of term-formation in different languages and helps establish prevalent criteria and principles of term-formation in those languages. This dissertation is devoted to a contrastive study of terminology of constitutional law, which to date has not been examined or compared with other languages. The aim of the research is to describe and contrast the linguistic means used to form terms found in legal acts of a constitutional nature in English, Lithuanian and Russian. The object of the research is one-word and multi-word terms used in documents of constitutional law in English, Lithuanian and Russian. There are no works on contrastive analysis of formation of legal terms in several languages so far. The given research attempts to fill this gap. Therefore, it is significant in two major aspects. First, during the research a methodology of contrasting formation of terminology of different languages was created, which helps to reveal traditions, principles and criteria of term-formation in different languages. Second, the research provides a lot of information for developers of terms, it gives new insight into formation of terms of the native language and ideas on how to develop and improve terms that are currently used. Thus, the results are relevant for terminologists, who conduct scientific research, develop terms and perform term management work, for users of legal language, translators and teachers in Lithuania and abroad.

Disertacijoje tiriama ir lyginama, kaip semantinės kauzacijos kategorija reiškiama trijų kalbų – lietuvių, norvegų ir suomių – veiksmažodžių sistemose. Tiriamos kalbos vartojamos tame pačiame (Baltijos) regione, bet skiriasi tiek savo kilme, tiek struktūra, todėl kauzacija jose reiškiama skirtingai. Atlikto tyrimo rezultatai leidžia daryti tokias pagrindines išvadas: (1) Pagal formaliąją struktūrą lietuvių, norvegų ir suomių kalbų kauzatyvai skirstytini į du tipus: (a) morfologiniai kauzatyvai (kauzatyviniai veiksmažodžiai), kurie savo ruožtu sudaro du potipius: kauzatyvai su formaliuoju kauzacijos rodikliu (afiksiniu ir apofoniniu) ir kauzatyvai be formaliojo kauzacijos rodiklio; (b) sintaksiniai kauzatyvai (kauzatyviniai veiksmažodiniai junginiai). Lietuvių ir suomių kalbose pagrindinis kauzacijos raiškos būdas yra morfologiniai kauzatyvai su afiksiniu kauzacijos rodikliu, o norvegų kalboje –sintaksiniai kauzatyvai bei morfologiniai kauzatyvai be formaliojo kauzacijos rodiklio. (2) Lietuvių, norvegų ir suomių kalbų kauzatyvų formuojamos kauzacinės konstrukcijos skirstytinos į du tipus: a) vieno lygmens kauzacinės konstrukcijos (jas formuoja visi morfologiniai kauzatyvai ir sintaksiniai kauzatyvai, kurių abu nariai sakinyje funkcionuoja kaip vienas sintaksinis vienetas); b) dviejų lygmenų kauzacinės konstrukcijos (jas formuoja sintaksiniai kauzatyvai, kurių kiekvienas narys sakinyje formuoja atskirą sintaksinį lygmenį). (3) Lietuvių, norvegų ir suomių kalbų morfologiniai ir sintaksiniai kauzatyvai, nusakantys tas pačias situacijas, ne visuomet laikytini atitikmenimis. Jų reikšmių skirtumus lemia skirtingos semantinės ir sintaksinės savybės.